I-Telegram ibe yenye yeendawo eziphambili zokwabelana ngolwazi lwesayensi, kodwa ikwayindawo apho ulwazi olungeyonyani luninzi khona. ukulingisa abapapashi bezemfundoUphononongo olutsha olwenziwe eSpain lubonise amanani acacileyo kwisiganeko esasikrokrelwa kude kube ngoku, kodwa esingakhange silinganiswe ngokweenkcukacha ezinjalo.
Ngokwale phando, ekhokelwa yi IYunivesithi yaseGranada (UGR)Phantse iziteshi ezisibhozo kwezilishumi ezisebenza kwiTelegram ezisebenzisa amagama abapapashi bezenzululwazi abaphambili bamazwe ngamazwe azisemthethweni. Sithetha nge I-78% yeziteshi zobuxokiLe nyaniso ibangela inkxalabo enkulu kwimeko apho ulwazi olungeyonyani ngesayensi sele luyingxaki enkulu eYurophu nakwihlabathi liphela.
Imephu yobuqhetseba kwiitshaneli zabapapashi bezenzululwazi
Olu phando, olwenziwe yiCandelo leeNzululwazi zoLuntu nezeNtlalo (Computational Humanities and Social Sciences Unit)I-U-CHASSAbaphandi abavela kwiYunivesithi yaseGranada (UGR) bazimisele ukwenza imephu yenkqubo yeTelegram enxulumene nabapapashi abaphambili bezemfundo. Abo babenoxanduva lomsebenzi yayingabaphandi. UVictor Herrero Solana kunye noCarlos Castro CastroBabefuna ukuqinisekisa ukuba amajelo aziveza njengee-official angakanani na.
Ukuze benze oku, bakhethe Abapapashi bezenzululwazi bamazwe ngamazwe abali-13 abaphambiliPhakathi kwabo kukho amagama aphambili afana no-Elsevier, uSpringer, uWiley-Blackwell, iNature, kunye neCambridge University Press. Ukhetho belungekho ngokungacwangciswanga: lwabo umthamo weempapasho ezichazwe kwi-indexed kwi-portal ye-SCImago, enye yezona zikhokelo ziphambili zamazwe ngamazwe kwizibalo zesayensi.
Bakuba bechaziwe abapapashi ababeza kuhlalutywa, iqela lifumene inani elipheleleyo Iitshaneli ezingama-37 ezinokunxulunyaniswa nezi zitywinoInjongo yayizimbini: kwelinye icala, ukufumanisa ukuba ezi ndlela zazisemthethweni ngokwenene na; kwelinye icala, ukufunda ukuba loluphi uhlobo lomxholo kunye nezenzo ezaziphuhliswa ngabo bantu bazenza abantu abangengabo.
Iziphumo beziqinisekile: kwiitshaneli ezingama-37 eziphononongiweyo, kuphela I-8 yabonakala isemthethweni kwaye ziqhagamshelwe ngokuthe ngqo nangokungqinisisekayo kubashicileli abafanelekileyo. Oko kukuthi, yi-21,62% kuphela yeetshaneli ezaziyinyani, xa kuthelekiswa 78,38% yeendlela zobuqhetseba ebesebenza kusetyenziswa amagama, iilogo okanye iireferensi zezi ziko ngaphandle kwemvume.
Uphononongo oluphambili olusebenzisa iChatGPT kunye neDeepSeek
Enye yezona zinto zibalaseleyo kulo msebenzi yindlela esetyenzisiweyo. Abaphandi be-UGR basebenzise, ​​kwi-a uvulindlela kule ntsimi, iimodeli zolwimi zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa ezifana neChatGPT kunye neDeepSeek ukunceda ekufumaneni ezi ndlela zobuxoki. Olu phononongo lupapashwe kwijenali yezemfundo. "IDB: Imibhalo yeYunivesithi kwiThala leeNcwadi kunye neSayensi yoLwazi", kwiphephancwadi layo likaDisemba 2025.
Kunokuba lilinganiselwe kukukhangela ngesandla okulula, iqela liyile inkqubo yamatyala amaninzi apho itshaneli nganye echongiweyo yahlalutywa ngokulandela inkqubo eqhelekileyo. Ngenxa yesi sizathu, isindululo esimiselweyo eyayisetyenziswa ngokulinganayo kwiChatGPT nakwiDeepSeek, kunye nokukhetha ukukhangela kwiwebhu kuvuliweukuze ezi nkqubo zikwazi ukuthelekisa ulwazi ngexesha langempela.
Umsebenzi weemodeli ze-AI yayikuku ixabiso lokwenyani yetshaneli nganye yeTelegram, kuthathelwa ingqalelo izalathisi ezinje ngolwalamano neewebhusayithi ezisemthethweni, ubukho beeakhawunti eziqinisekisiweyo, ukuhambelana phakathi komxholo oshicilelweyo kunye nomgca wokuhlela wophawu, okanye ubukho beekhonkco zenkampani ezinokuthenjwa.
Emva kokufumana uludwe olubonelelwe yiChatGPT kunye neDeepSeek, abaphandi benze uphando ukuqinisekiswa okuzimeleyo ngesandlaeyayisebenza njengesalathiso sokugqibela (inyaniso esisiseko). Oko kukuthi, isigqibo sokugqibela sokuba itshaneli yayingeyonyani okanye yokwenyani asizange sishiywe ezandleni ze-AI, kodwa endaweni yoko i-AI yasetyenziswa njengesixhobo sokuxhasa esathi emva koko sathelekiswa nombono wobungcali babantu.
Indlela asebenza ngayo amajelo obuxoki kwiTelegram
Uhlalutyo lweendlela ezingama-37 luvumele ukuchonga indlela ecacileyo malunga Basebenza njani abo bazenza abapapashi besayensi?Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kukusasazwa ngobuninzi iincwadi kunye namanqaku kwifomathi yedijithali ngaphandle kwemvumeidla ngokuboniswa "njengokufikelela simahla" okanye "ukukhuphela ngqo" izihloko eziphantsi kwelungelo lokushicilela.
Ukongeza, uninzi lwezi tshaneli zibonelela iinkonzo zokuhlela ezingathandabuzekiyonjengesithembiso sokupapasha amanqaku esayensi kwiijenali ezinefuthe elikhulu ngexesha elifutshane kakhulu kunye neenkqubo zokuhlaziya ezingenanto yakwenza nokusebenza kwezemfundo. Olu hlobo lwezindululo lunokuba ludideke ngakumbi abaphandi abancinci okanye abanamava aphantsiabafuna iindlela ezikhawulezayo zokwandisa ii-CV zabo.
Olunye uphawu olufunyenweyo kukusetyenziswa ikhuthaza kakhulu kwaye ayinabo ubukhaliLe miyalezo ifana kakhulu neephulo zokuthengisa ezirhabaxa kunonxibelelwano oluqhelekileyo oluvela kumshicileli wezesayensi. IYunivesithi yaseGranada (UGR) ithi le ntetho, egcwele izithembiso nezaphulelo, ayifanelekanga ngendlela icandelo lokushicilela lezemfundo elihlala linxibelelana ngayo.
Kwezinye iimeko, iindlela zobuxoki ziyasetyenziswa iilogo, amagama eengqokelela, okanye amakhonkco amafutshane ezibonakala zisemthethweni, nto leyo ethetha ukuba, xa uzijonga ekuqaleni, zinokubonakala zikholisa kumsebenzisi ongaqhelananga nokusebenza kwangaphakathi kwezindlu zokushicilela. Olu xube lwenkangeleko yobungcali kunye nezenzo ezingaqhelekanga zikhuthaza imeko-bume esengozini enkulu yolwazi olungeyonyani.
Konke oku, uphando luphetha ngelithi, kubumba inkqubo egqwethekileyo kwiTelegramapho ubukho babadlali abakhohlisayo budlula kakhulu obo babashicileli abasemthethweni. Oku kungalingani kwandisa inani umngcipheko kwisidima semfundo kunye nepropathi yengqondo, eSpain nakwamanye amazwe aseYurophu, ngokwenza kube lula ukusasazwa komxholo ongagunyaziswanga kunye nezithembiso zomhleli ezilahlekisayo.
Yintoni echanekileyo ngobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kwaye iphosakele phi?
Ngokuphathelele ukusebenza, uphando lubonisa ukuba zombini iChatGPT kunye neDeepSeek zibonise amandla aphezulu okufumanisa imijelo engeyonyani ngokucacileyoXa iimpawu zokulingisa zazibonakala—umzekelo, ukungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwamakhonkco asemthethweni, izithembiso ezigqithisileyo, okanye umxholo ophangiweyo ngokuphandle—iimodeli zavuma ukuzibeka njengezingekho mthethweni.
Nangona kunjalo, olu phononongo lukwaphakamisa imida yesakhiwo kwezi nkqubo xa kufikwa ekuqinisekiseni iindlela zokwenyani. Amatyala abangele amathandabuzo amaninzi ngalawo apho isiteshi sasibonakala ngathi sinxulumene nomshicileli, kodwa sasingenazo cacisa iimpawu zokujonga, njengophawu oluluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kwiTelegram okanye amakhonkco acacileyo kumaphepha eenkampani alandeleka lula.
Ababhali bafumanise ukuba I-DeepSeek ithambekele ekugxileni ngakumbi ekuhambelaneni kwemeko Ngokuphathelele umxholo: ijonge ukuba imiyalezo, uhlobo lweempapasho, kunye nethoni ziyahambelana na noko umntu angakulindela kumshicileli wesayensi osele ekhulile. I-ChatGPT, yona, igxininise ngakumbi kwi ukuqinisekiswa ngokusesikweni kwemibutho yezikhungoukubeka phambili iimpawu ezifana nokubakho kwiwebhusayithi ezisemthethweni, iiprofayili ezidibeneyo, okanye ukukhankanywa okuqinisekisiweyo.
Le ndlela imbini yenze kwaba nokwenzeka ukubona ukuba, nangona zombini ezi modeli ziluncedo kwi ukuhlolwa kokuqala kwemithamo emikhulu yeziteshiAzinazo iimpazamo. Ngokukodwa, xa kungekho zimpawu ziqinileyo zokunyaniseka, i-AI inokuba nobunzima bokwahlula phakathi kwejelo lokwenyani elinolwazi oluncinci kuluntu kunye nejelo elingelolokwenyani elakhiwe kakuhle.
Ingxelo iphawula ukuba, okwangoku, ukuthembeka kwezi modeli njengezixhobo zokubona ezizimeleyo Kubasebenzisi abangenalo uqeqesho oluthile, ukusetyenziswa kwayo kulinganiselwe. Ngokophando, ukusetyenziswa kwayo okungcono kukwiinkqubo ezixutyiweyo apho amandla amakhulu ohlalutyo lwe-AI ancediswa... uluvo lweengcali zoononcwadi, ababhali beengxelo zamaxwebhu kunye nabasebenzi bezemfundo.
Ucalucalulo kwimithombo kunye nolawulo lomxholo wesiNgesi
Ngaphaya kokuchongwa kweendlela zobuxoki, uphando lwe-UGR lugxile ekuhlalutyeni Zeziphi iintlobo zemithombo eziboniswa yiChatGPT kunye neDeepSeek? ukuxhasa iimpendulo zabo. Esinye sezigqibo yayikukubakho okuqinileyo kwe Iingxelo zaseNtshona xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iindawo zejografinokuba kwimeko yeDeepSeek, enokuthiwa ijolise ngakumbi kwimithombo yaseAsia.
Oku kungalingani kubonisa ulawulo lomxholo wesiNgesi kwi-intanethi, ingakumbi malunga nolwazi lwesayensi nolwezemfundo. Ngenxa yokuba baqeqeshwe kakhulu kwidatha ngolo lwimi nakwiindawo ezithile, iinkqubo zidla ngokuvelisa olo sasazo, nto leyo eguqulela ekubeni ucalucalulo lwesakhiwo xa kufikwa ekuchongeni okanye ekuvavanyeni imithombo evela kwezinye iindawo, njengeTshayina okanye amanye amazwe angengawo aseNtshona.
Enyanisweni, oku kunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwi uphononongo lweendlela ezidityaniswe nabashicileli abangengabo abeNtshonaiiwebhusayithi zazo, iipateni zonxibelelwano, okanye iinkqubo zokuqinisekisa ezisenokungahambelani kakuhle nemigangatho ekhoyo kwihlabathi elithetha isiNgesi. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iindlela ezisemthethweni zinokuhlelwa ngokungaqiniseki okukhulu okanye ukurhanelwa.
Ababhali bolu phononongo bakholelwa ukuba olu phando kufuneka luqwalaselwe xa uyilo lwezixhobo zokubeka esweni zehlabathi Uphando olusekelwe kwi-AI, ingakumbi eYurophu, apho abadlali bezesayensi abavela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo zolwimi nezenkcubeko bahlala kunye, lubeka emngciphekweni wokwandisa ukungalingani ekuboneni nasekuqatshelweni kwamanye amaziko ngaphandle kwamanyathelo athile okulungisa.
Olu phononongo lubonisa ukuba uphando lwexesha elizayo lufanele lujongane ngokucacileyo nezi ntsilelo, nokuba iimodeli zoqeqesho ezineenkampani ezilungeleleneyo ngakumbi okanye ngokulungelelanisa iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo ukuze zilungelelaniswe ngcono nokwahlukahlukana kwenkqubo yezemfundo yamazwe ngamazwe.
Indawo enomngcipheko omkhulu wokuthembeka kwezemfundo
Ngayo yonke idatha etafileni, uphando lugqiba kwelokuba indalo yeziteshi zeTelegram ezinxulumene nabapapashi besayensi igqwethekile kakhuluUbukho obuninzi beendlela zobuxoki, xa kuthelekiswa nenani elincinci leeakhawunti ezisemthethweni, kudala imeko enobungozi obukhulu bokuthembeka kwezemfundo kunye nokukhuselwa kwepropathi yobukrelekrele.
Phakathi kweengozi ezifunyenweyo kukho ukusasazwa okungalawulwayo kwezinto zesayensiOku akuphuli nje ilungelo lokushicilela kodwa kunokukhuthaza ukusasazeka kweenguqulelo zamanqaku neencwadi ezindala, ezingaphelelanga, okanye eziguquliweyo. Kwangaxeshanye, iinkonzo zokushicilela ngobuqhetseba zitshabalalisa ukuthembana kwinkqubo yokushicilela yesayensi kwaye zinokwenza kuya konakalisa kakhulu imisebenzi yabo bawela kwezi zigibe.
Ababhali bolu phononongo bathetha nge- impikiswano yesikhungoNangona iTelegram inika amandla amakhulu njengejelo lonxibelelwano eliqinileyo kunye nokusasazwa kwesayensi, ubukho obuncinci obusebenzayo nobuqinisekisiweyo babashicileli ngokwabo Oku kushiya isithuba apho abenzi bobubi bexhaphaza ngaphandle kokuchaswa okukhulu.
Kwimeko yaseYurophu, apho kulwiwa khona ulwazi olungeyonyani ngesayensi Nangona oku sele kuyinto ephambili kwezopolitiko nakwezomthetho, olu hlobo lweendawo ezingalawulwa kakuhle luzisa umngeni owongezelelweyo. Ukulula kwendlela ezinokwenziwa ngayo iindlela kunye nomxholo osasazwa kwiTelegram kwenza kube nomtsalane ngakumbi kwabo bafuna ukusebenzisa uphawu lwamaziko adumileyo.
Ngoko ke, umsebenzi weYunivesithi yaseGranada awusebenzi nje kuphela njengoxilongo, kodwa ukwasebenza njenge ubizo lokuqwalasela uluntu lwezemfundo, amathala eencwadi kunye namaqumrhu olawulo, abafanele baqwalasele olu hlobo lwezenzo xa beyila imigaqo-nkqubo yokuthembeka kunye nokufikelela okuvulelekileyo.
Ukuya kwiinkqubo zokujonga ezihlanganisiweyo kunye neendlela ezintsha zophando
Bejongene nale meko, abaphandi be-UGR bakhuthaza ukuphuhliswa iinkqubo zokufumanisa ezixutyiweyo ezidibanisa izakhono zobukrelekrele bokwenziwa kunye nokongamela okukhethekileyo komntu. Ingcinga kukusebenzisa isikali sokubala seemodeli zolwimi ukuze dibanisa imijelo emikhulu kunye nomxholo, kodwa isigqibo sokugqibela sigcinelwe amaqela eengcali.
Kule ndlela yokudibanisa, i-AI iya kusebenza njenge isixhobo sokuqala sokumaphuOku kuquka ukuchonga iindlela ezirhanelekayo, amaqhinga okukhohlisa aphindaphindwayo, okanye iiakhawunti ezintsha ezilinganisa ubuwena babashicileli abaziwayo. Ukusuka apho, ababhali beengxelo, abagcini beencwadi, kunye nabasebenzi babashicileli ngokwabo banokuqinisekisa okanye bawasuse amatyala afunyenweyo.
Olu phononongo lukwakhomba kwindlela yokwandisa olu hlobo lwendlela ukuya kwezinye iindawo zolwazi olungeyonyani, ngaphaya kwentsimi yokushicilela. Ababhali bakhankanya ngokucacileyo ukufunyanwa kweendaba zobuxoki kunye namabali angeyonyani kwiTelegram, zombini ngokwesayensi nangokwezopolitiko, evula ucango lophando lwexesha elizayo olunokuba nomdla ngqo kumaziko aseYurophu.
Ukuhlanganiswa okuqhubekayo kwemisebenzi yohlalutyo oluphambili lwesicatshulwa kunye nomxholo kwiimodeli zolwimi kunika ithuba lokuphuhlisa iinkqubo zokubeka esweni ezisebenzayoEzi nkqubo zinokubonelela ngesilumkiso kwangethuba ngokuvela kweenethiwekhi ezintsha zeetshaneli zobuxoki, nto leyo eququzelela impendulo ekhawulezileyo evela kubashicileli, iiyunivesithi, okanye imibutho karhulumente.
Kwangaxeshanye, imfuneko yokuba abapapashi bezesayensi babandakanyeke ngakumbi ukwakha ubukho obusemthethweni obuqinileyo kwiTelegramIiakhawunti eziqinisekisiweyo, imigaqo-nkqubo yonxibelelwano ecacileyo, kunye nokungafihlisi okukhulu kwiindlela ezigunyazisiweyo kuya kunceda abasebenzisi ukuba bachonge ngcono imithombo ethembekileyo kwaye kuncitshiswe umda wabantu abazenza ngathi.
Umsebenzi weYunivesithi yaseGranada ugxininisa ukuba ingxaki Iitshaneli zobuxoki zabapapashi besayensi kwiTelegram Ayisiyonto ingaqhelekanga, kodwa yeyolwakhiwo, kwaye ukuyisombulula kufuna ukudibanisa itekhnoloji, ugwebo lobuchwephesha, kunye nokubandakanyeka okusebenzayo kwamaziko emfundo ngokwawo ukuze abuyele kwindawo yedijithali apho, namhlanje, abenzi bobuqhetseba banenzuzo ecacileyo.
