Uncwadi lwaseBritane oluyintsomi lwenze inguqu enzulu kule minyaka ilishumi idlulileyo, luziqhelanisa nokutshintsha kwamaxesha kunye nokwandisa ukufikelela kwalo kwimixholo kunye namazwi awayengawaqhelanga ngaphambili. Phakathi kwezona zinto zintsha zikhutshwayo ziphawuleka kakhulu zizihloko ezingabuyiseli nje iintsomi ezinkulu kunye nezithethe zeziqithi, kodwa ziphinde zibuze ngentlalontle ekhoyo ngokusebenzisa iiyunivesiti ezicingelwayo. Iliza elitsha lababalisi izisa iimbono ezintsha kwisithethe esingazange siyeke ukutshintsha.
Ababhali bangoku baseBritane abanoqikelelo olukhulu lwamazwe ngamazwe Bakhokela ukuvela kwakhona kolu hlobo, begxile kumabali athi, kude nokunciphisa ukuphuncuka, ukuphonononga ngamandla ukungalingani, iyantlukwano yentlalo, iyantlukwano, kunye nokwenzakala okudityanelweyo. Isiphumo siliqela leenoveli ezithi, ngelixa zigcina umlingo kunye nemfihlakalo yazo, zibe nobuganga bokuthatha iindlela eziqolileyo kunye nezangoku.
"Fathomfolk": ingcamango yasemanzini kunye nokugxekwa kwentlalo evela eUnited Kingdom
Ibritish Eliza Chan uye wagqabhuka kwindawo yesehlakalo nge Fathomfolk, Umsebenzi owapapashwa okokuqala ngo-2024 oye wakhawuleza waba yireferensi ngaphakathi kohlobo kwaye uye waphakamisa iitshathi zokuthengisa e-United Kingdom. Ipapashwe ngu Minotauro eSpain, inoveli ngumzekelo wamandla ka iphupha njengesixhobo sokugxeka ekuhlaleni. Indalo yayo yonke isetiwe eTiankawi, isixeko esintywiliselwe phantsi kwamanzi apho umahluko weklasi kunye neentlobo zahlula abahlali.
Phezulu, abantu banandipha amalungelo nonqabiseko, ngoxa ezinzulwini, izidalwa zasentsomini—iimarima, iidragons, amagqwirha aselwandle—ziphila kwiimeko zokungalingani okugqithiseleyo nengcinezelo. Ibali lilandela ekhondweni lika Elza, isiqingatha se-mermaid kunye nomlindi womda, kunye Nami, inkosazana yedragoni egxothiweyo, bobabini banyanzelwa ukuba bajamelane nenkohlakalo yenkqubo engekho sikweni ngokunzulu. Ukwahlukana, uloyiko kunye nokucalula Zichazwa njengezisoyikiso eziyingozi njengezilwanyana ezinkulu ezihlala emanzini.
Eliza Chan inika ibali isimboli esinamandla, sazisa izinto zobuchwepheshe (ezifana nezitiya zealgae ezithe nkqo okanye iidrones eziphantsi kwamanzi) ukukrwelela umahluko phakathi kophuhliso kunye nokungabandakanywa, kunye nokubeka ubumbano kunye neyantlukwano njengabaqhubi benguqu edibeneyo. Le noveli yokuqala ayigqamanga nje kuphela ngesakhono sayo sokubalisa, kodwa sele inalo ulandelelwano olubhengeziweyo: Tideborn, ukuqinisa u-Chan njengelinye lawona mazwi athembisayo avelayo kwiingcamango zaseBrithani zanamhlanje.
Uphononongo lweentsomi zika-Arthurian ngokuhlukahluka kunye nokuhlekisa: "Ikrele Elikhazimlayo"
Ngaphakathi kwesi siganeko sohlaziyo, ifanele ukukhankanywa ngokukodwa Ulev grossman kunye noveli yakhe yakutshanje Ikrele Elibenyezelayo (Destino, 2025). Le ncwadi ijolise ekunikezeni ujijelo oluqhelekileyo kunye nobuqu kumjikelo we-Arthurian wasentsomini, ukuthunga ubungqongqo kwizifundo, ukucinga okuphuphumayo kunye idosi elungileyo yoburharha Isimbo saseBrithani. Umdlalo uvula kwiCamelot eyoyikisayo, apho kushiyeke amajoni ambalwa emva kokufa kuka-Arthur, kwaye agxile kuCollum, i-bastard encinci ephuphayo yokuba ngumdlali we-knight kwaye kungekudala ifumanise into eyinyani entsonkothileyo kwaye ilukhuni kunokuba bekulindelwe.
UGrossman wazisa a uphononongo oluqukayo Ukusuka kwintsomi ka-Arthurian: omnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili, uMhlekazi Bedivere, ligay, ngelixa abanye, njengoMhlekazi uDinadan, bebonisa i-transgender identities okanye bevela kwiimvelaphi ezahlukeneyo, bebonisa ubutyebi kunye nokwahlukana okunokuthi kunikwe iintsomi zakudala phantsi kwelensi entsha. Abalinganiswa ababhinqileyo, ukusuka eMorgana ukuya eGuinevere ukuya eNimue, bafumana ukuduma nobunzulu obutsha. I-Satire kunye nokugxekwa kwentlalo Ngaloo ndlela badibanisa kunye nesimo esifana nephupha kunye nomlingo wesimo somjikelo we-Arthurian.
Ukongeza ekujongeni ubuwena kunye nokuziva ungowabanye, Ikrele Elibenyezelayo Ikwaqaqambisa ulwazi lobugcisa kunye nobungqwabalala bobomi bamaxesha aphakathi, ngaphandle kokukhanyela okumangalisayo okanye imibongo kunye nenkuthazo engokomfanekiso ehamba nentsomi ukutyhubela iinkulungwane.
Impumelelo yamazwe ngamazwe yephupha laseBhritane: uJoe Abercrombie kunye ne "grimdark"
Elinye lamagama asisiseko kubukhazikhazi bangoku befantasy yaseBritane UJoe abercrombie. Ngeenoveli ezifana Umthetho wokuqala okanye yakho yamva nje Iidemoni, Abercrombie uye waphuhlisa a mnyama kwaye ungathandekiyo uthabathe uhlobo, umnxeba mnyama, ephonononga izinto ezingaqondakaliyo kunye nomntu kwezinye iimeko. Abalinganiswa bayo bahlala behamba kwiingxaki zokuziphatha, iindawo ezingwevu, kunye neengxabano apho ubuqhawe bendabuko buhlala bubuzwa.
En Iidemoni, I-Abercrombie ihambisa umfundi kwenye indawo, iYurophu yamaxesha aphakathi ehlaselwe zizilo, i-waswolves, i-vampires kunye ne-wizards, kwaye apho inkolo kunye namandla ziphawulwa kubukho bomntwana uPapa kunye nabefundisi ababhinqileyo. Uburharha obumnyama, incoko yababini elumayo kunye ne ubuntu obunzulu babalinganiswa abasesichengeni zezinye zeempawu zamabali abo.
Enkosi kumdla wamazwe ngamazwe ohlaziyiweyo wemisebenzi yakhe, u-Abercrombie uye wenyuka waya kudidi lwababhali ababalaseleyo bombono wehlabathi, ezibeka emva kweklasikhi ezifana noTolkien. Ngapha koko, ishishini le-audiovisual limisele izinto zalo kumsebenzi wakhe: ukulungiswa kwe Iidemoni kwiscreen esikhulu sikwimisebenzi kunye nentsebenziswano ngqo yombhali ngokwakhe.
IiClassics ezibuyiselweyo: "uAlice kwi-Wonderland" kunye neLifa layo
Impembelelo yenoveli yefantasy yaseBritane ayiphelelanga nje kwimveliso yangoku. Isebenza njenge UAlice kwiWonderland nguLewis Carroll, eyapapashwa ngo-1865, iyaqhubeka ibhiyozelwa kwaye iphinde ifunyanwe minyaka le, igxininisa Ukukwazi kwefantasy ukucela umngeni kwimimiselo kunye nokwandisa imida yentelekeleloUkuthandwa kunye nokufaneleka kwala mabali kugcinwa ngenxa yobutyebi babo obungokomfuziselo kunye nokuvuleleka kwiitoliko ezahlukeneyo kwiminyaka.
Ilifa lakhe liyaqhubeka nokutyebisa uhlobo kwaye lisebenza njengenkuthazo kwizizukulwana ezitsha, libonisa ukuqina kunye nendalo yonke yamabali acela umngeni kwindibano kunye nokukhuthaza ubuchule.