Ukufika kwe Ukufela ebaleni iqinisekisa uLeonardo Padura njengomnye wababali abaphambili bendawo yangoku yaseSpanishi. Ipapashwe ngu Iimpawu, inoveli igxininise kwi-pulse esondeleyo kunye nentlalontle ngexesha elifanayo, kunye nebali elihlola amanxeba eentsapho zaseHavana kunye nomva wesiqingatha senkulungwane yobomi eCuba.
Kude ne ileyibhile "emnyama". esetyenziswayo, le ncwadi inxalenye yesiganeko sokwenyani kwaye igxile kubundlobongela basekhaya, inkumbulo, kunye neziphumo zembali kubantu abaqhelekileyo. Iprose kaPadura, iyaziwayo kwaye inengqondo, jongana nokuba buthathaka kunye nokudinwa kokuziphatha ngaphandle kokulahla ubuntu babalinganiswa bayo.
Iploti nezitshixo zenoveli
URodolfo, owaphawulwa ngemfazwe yaseAngola nangenxa yomsebenzi ngwevu kwaye kuhlawulwa kakubi, ujongene nomhlala-phantsi evakalelwa kukuba akukho nto itshintshayo ngokwenene. Ubomi bakhe bugqitywe yinkumbulo engacimekiyo: ukubulawa kukayise, ngezithonga zesando, ezenziwa ngumntakwabo uGeni, ogama linguGeni. ICaballo Loco.
Emva kwamashumi eminyaka esentolongweni, uGeni ubuyela ekhaya kangangexesha elithile injongo yobuntu: impilo yakhe ibuhlungu. Oku kubuya kuyabanyanzela ukuba batyhile into abayingcwabileyo, ibangele inkumbulo engathuthuzelekiyo, kwaye ibeka wonke umntu ekuhlalisaneni okufuthaniselayo okuthatha nje iintsuku ezimbalwa kodwa kuvakala njengesigwebo sokugqibela.
Kuloo meko uNora uphinda avele, Umfazi kaGeni kunye nothando lwangaphambili kaRodolfo; kwakhona ejikeleza abazali (uFermín noLola), oomakhulu nootatomkhulu (uQuintín noFlora) kunye nomhlobo wobuntwana, uRaimundo Fumero, umgcini weemfihlelo ezingavumiyo ukunyamalala. Le noveli ibandakanya izizukulwana ezitsha fuduka kwaye uzigcine kubathandekayo babo ngeemali ezithunyelwayo, ezinamagama ahambelanayo-njengo-Aitana noVioleta-ngaphandle kokufihla ityala leemvakalelo abanalo.
I-Padura iphakamisa i-envelope, isakhiwo esijikelezayo esidibanisayo iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu yembali yaseCubaUkususela kwimfazwe e-Angola ukuya ekuwa koDonga lwaseBerlin, ukusuka kwinto ebizwa ngokuba yi "Special Period" ukuya kowona bunzima bamva nje. Inyathelo elikhawulezileyo liqala ngehlobo lika-2023, kodwa inyathelo ngalinye eliya phambili livula iingcango kwixesha elidlulileyo elingekadluli.
Umfanekiso awubugcini ubugqwirha—imivalo yembewu, ukucima, ubumnyama, iziphelo ezifileyo-Nangona ithemba eliqaqadekileyo libetha: kwanaseludakeni, abanye abantu bazama ukuvula imisele. Uphawu lobungqina be UMario Conde Ugxininisa ukuba iyelenqe elilapha lilungile kunento enxulumene nabacuphi; isitshixo kukuba umntu umelana njani noloyiko, ukurhoxa, kunye nolindelo olungenangqondo ngamanye amaxesha lwethuba lesibini.
Ukubuya "kwezimvu ezimnyama" kugxininisa idrama yosapho olusebenza njenge microcosm yesizweYintoni eyenzekayo phakathi kukaRodolfo kunye noGeni idlula ikhaya: yi-echo yelizwe elifunde ukuhlala kakubi ngaphandle kokuxolelana, kunye nokuwa. ezoqoqosho, ezomoya nezokuziphatha njengomva.
Umbhali kunye nokukhululwa: umxholo kunye nokhenketho
Princess of Asturias Award for Literature, iguqulelwe ngaphezu iilwimi ezingamashumi amathathu kunye nomyili we-iconic Mario Conde, uPadura wapapasha iMorir en la arena ekuphakameni kwakhe kokukhula koncwadi. Ngaphandle kolu dumo, umzobo wakhe unjalo ungakhathazeki eCuba: uhlala eMantilla, eHavana, kodwa kunqabile ukuba avele kumajelo aseburhulumenteni kwaye iincwadi zakhe zipapashwa ngokungaqhelekanga.
Indlela yakhe yokubalisa idlulela ngaphaya kweleyibhile yenoveli yolwaphulo-mthetho. Kule ntlawulo, umbhali unikeza a imbono yentlalo nobuntu etyhutyha ubuhlobo bosapho ukuya kumbuzo ekwabelwana ngawo ngexesha. UConde akalijiki kakuhle iphepha, ukanti, indalo yasePadura ihleli yomelele: inkumbulo, ukunyaniseka okwaphukileyo, kunye noxinzelelo lokuya phambili.
Ekuqaleni kukaSeptemba, umbhali waqala ngokubanzi ukhenketho lokubonisa Iququzelelwe ngabahleli beTusquets. Emva kokukhaba eMadrid, uhambo lwalubandakanya iBarcelona, iZaragoza, iBilbao, iSantander, neSegovia; emva koko yaba yiSalamanca, iValladolid, kunye nezixeko ezininzi zaseAndalusi, ezineendawo ezigcweleyo kunye neendaba ezibalulekileyo.
ESalamanca, kwivenkile yeencwadi yakwaLetras Corsarias, uPadura wathetha noNjingalwazi uJavier Sánchez Zapatero malunga nomgangatho wokuvelisa inoveli. Utshintshiselwano lwabalaselisa indlela intsomi iminyaka engamashumi amahlanu amava aseCuba ngentsapho.
I-Valladolid yaba yindawo yokumisa elandelayo Blacklladolid, umthendeleko woncwadi obanjwe kwi Inqaba yaseFuensaldañaKwincoko noCarlos Zanón, umbhali waxoxa ngokuthanda kwakhe ibaseball, iziqalo zakhe, kunye nendima yokutya emsebenzini wakhe-uphawu lothotho lweConde-kunye neekopi ezinikezelweyo kwabo babezimase.
Emva kwikomkhulu, iCasa de América yabamba imbeko UMario Vargas Llosa iququzelelwe ngokubambisana neLatin American Writers Festival kunye noLuntu lwaseMadrid. JJ Armas Marcelo, Rubén Gallo, kunye noPilar Reyes babelane ngeenkumbulo kunye nokusebenzisana; UPadura ukhumbule ukudibana kwakhe okunqabileyo nomntu ophumelele iBhaso leNobel yasePeru kunye nokuncoma kwakhe iinoveli ezazisasazwa phantse ngokufihlakeleyo eCuba.
Ukhenketho lwaqhubeka ngeAndalusia: Seville (Infanta Elena Library, nge UMaría Iglesias), Cádiz (iThala leeNcwadi loLuntu lePhondo, kunye Alejandro Luque) kunye ECórdoba (IQela leThala leeNcwadi loLuntu iGrupo Cántico, kunye Azahara Palomeque), kwiintlanganiso ezaziphuphuma.
Kwinqanaba lokugqibela, umbhali wabuyela eMadrid kwiiseshoni kwiivenkile ezintathu zeencwadi: uRafael Alberti, nge USusana Santaolalla; Fábula (Alcorcón), kunye nomthengisi weencwadi uRicardo Martínez; kunye neLa Central del Museo Reina Sofía, kwincoko kunye UJosé Ángel EstebanUkuchukumisa okokugqibela kwafika kwi-amphitheatre yeCCOO, kunye nempendulo enkulu evela kubaphulaphuli.
UPadura, oneminyaka engama-70 ubudala, uceba ukwenza ukuya eColombia kwaye ubuyele kuMnyhadala weCIBRA eToledo. Uhlelo lweMorir en la arena luya kukhutshwa kwi-Hispanic America kule nyanga, ngaphandle kwe Tyhubha, apho ukungabikho kwephepha kuye kwacotha ukupapashwa kwezihloko zayo zamva nje.
Ngebali eliqulethwe kwisithuba seveki kwaye lithatha amashumi amahlanu eminyaka, le noveli ibonelela ngomzobo wabalinganiswa abasemaphethelweni abathi, phakathi kwengqumbo kunye nokunyaniseka, bafune indlela yokuphepha ukutshona. Kulo mlo wemfazwe phakathi kwenkumbulo kunye nokusinda, Ukufela ebaleni Inika umbono ophilileyo nonovelwano kwintsapho—kunye nelizwe—elizama ukuphuma kwelo lizwe liyibhuqayo.