Eyona ncwadi idumileyo kwimbali
Xa sithetha "ngeencwadi ezidumileyo" sithetha loo miqulu eye yafundwa luninzi lwabantu, ibe nefuthe kwinkcubeko ethandwayo kunye nememori edibeneyo. Le nyaniso ngokwayo ayenzi ukuba imisebenzi ekolu luhlu ibe semgangathweni ofanelekileyo, ibenza nje iimveliso zabo urhwebo Iye yasebenza kakhulu.
Nangona kunjalo, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba incwadi edumileyo, kwangaxeshanye, ingumsebenzi wobugcisa. Ngaloo ndlela, siya kungena olu luhlu ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga injongo, ukugqamisa amanani okuthengisa, kodwa kunye nengcamango yokuba uluntu luye lwaba nalo malunga nesihloko ngasinye esiza kusibonisa. Okulandelayo, ezi zezona ncwadi zidumileyo embalini.
Iingqwalasela ezibalulekileyo
Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba, nangona uNcwadi luneenkulungwane ezininzi zembali emva kwalo, kwaba kuphela emva koshishino lwenkulungwane ye-19 kunye ne-20 kunye nokuvela komatshini wokushicilela ukuba obu bugcisa bube bedemokhrasi. Ngoko ke, Kusenokwenzeka ukuba iincwadi ezininzi ezabhalwa ngaphambi kwaloo mhla azinalo ubutyebi obufana nemibhalo yanamhlanje., ngakumbi ngoku, ngoncedo lwe-intanethi kunye neenethiwekhi zentlalo.
Kolu luhlu asiyi kubandakanya amahlaya, iinkolo okanye iincwadi zezifundo, kuba kunzima kakhulu ukufumana inani elichanekileyo lokuthengisa kwayo ngemithombo ethembekileyo. Ngokukodwa, imeko ye Bhayibhile —eyona ncwadi ifundwe kakhulu embalini—kunzima kakhulu ukuyilinganisa, njengoko uninzi lwemibhalo yayo iye yasasazwa ngesisa.
Iincwadi ezi-7 ezidumileyo kwimbali
1. UDon Quijote waseLa Mancha (1605-1615)
Ngaphezulu kwe-500 yezigidi zeekopi ezithengisiweyo kwihlabathi jikelele, UDon Quixote uye waba sisalathiso, hayi nje kubafundi, kodwa nakwabanye ababhali. Ithathwa njengenoveli yokuqala yale mihla, lo msebenzi weza kukuphelisa isiko le-chivalric kunye nenkundla ngenxa yonyango lwayo lwe-burlesque. Ukwanguvulindlela kwinoveli yepolyphonic, apho iimbono ezahlukeneyo zijongana ngolwimi.
Akukho ncwadi imbi kangangokuba ayinanto ilungileyo.
2. Ibali lezixeko ezibini (1859)
Ukuza kuthi, Le noveli kaCharles Dickens ithengise malunga nezigidi ezingama-200 zeekopi kwihlabathi liphela. Enye yezona zinto zimfaneleyo kukudala umfanekiso othembekileyo wobomi kwiNguqulelo yesiFrentshi yenkulungwane ye-18. Ngelixa sihamba ngomkhumbi phakathi kweNgilani neFransi, ngakumbi eLondon naseParis, ungquzulwano phakathi kwehlabathi ezimbini lukhula: enye yazo imele uxolo, eqhelekileyo, kwaye enye, isiphithiphithi.
"Enyanisweni, wayecinga okokuqala ngokufela ukholo lwakhe lwangaphambili ukuba avuyisane naye ngako, kwaye akazange aphinde alijongele elo xesha lokubandezeleka apho wenza i-lever eyayiza kuvula intolongo kaCharles kwaye imvumele ukuba asindise intombi yakhe. umyeni."
3. INkosi yemisesane - INkosi yemisesane (1954)
I-trilogy kaJRR Tolkien, ngokudibeneyo, ithengise iikopi eziqikelelwa kwi-150 yezigidi, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ibe lelona bali liphumeleleyo liphezulu lalo lonke ixesha. Kuyo, Ixela uhambo lweqhawe, kodwa kunye neqhinga lobuhlobo, ubuhlobo, ubugorha., ubuzalwana, uthando nokulwa. Le miqulu imele amanye awona maxabiso abalaseleyo abantu, kodwa banoxanduva lokubeka ubuthathaka babo etafileni.
"Andikwazi ukukuphathela iRing, kodwa ndingakuthwala."
4. Le Petit Prince - INkosana encinci (1943)
Ngokumalunga ne-140 yezigidi zeekopi ezithengisiweyo kwihlabathi jikelele, INkosana encinci Ime njengenye yezona ncwadi zincinci kodwa zibalulekileyo kuncwadi lwangoku. Mhlawumbi izifundo zayo ezinzulu zinento yokwenza nento yokuba yabhalwa kwimeko yemfazwe, okanye oku kungenxa yeempembelelo zombhali ngokwakhe. Inyaniso yeyokuba, nanamhlanje, isengumqulu oyimfuneko kulo naliphi na ithala leencwadi labafundi.
"Uthanda uthando lwakho lokuqala ngakumbi, uthanda abanye ngcono."
5. UHarry Potter kunye nelitye lePhilosopher (1997)
Ukutyhubela iminyaka, imbali ye "Inkwenkwe Eyayihlala" ithengise iikopi ezimalunga ne-120 yezigidi. Incwadi yokuqala yale saga edumileyo yavula umnyango wehlabathi lemilingo elingenakulinganiswa nanto, kodwa kwanokupapashwa kweencwadi ezithengiswa kakhulu ezibhalwe ngabasetyhini. Enkosi ku-JK Rowling kunye nelifa lakhe, namhlanje kunanini na ngaphambili kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane ababhali abakhuphisana ngokunyanisekileyo kwibala lopapasho.
"Ulonwabo lunokufumaneka nakwixesha elimnyama, ukuba sinokukhumbula ukukhanyisa ukukhanya."
6. Hóng lóu mèng — Phupha kwindawo ebomvu (kwinkulungwane ye-18)
Lo ngomnye wemisebenzi yobugcisa emine yoncwadi lwesiTshayina. Ibhalwe nguCao Xueqin, ithengise iikopi ezingaphezulu kwezigidi ezili-100. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba le noveli inokuba yinxalenye ye-autobiographical., ekubeni ibonisa kokubili ukunyuka kunye nokuhla kwentsapho kaXueqin, kwaye, ngoko ke, i-Qing Dynasty. Ngokunjalo, umthamo lisikhumbuzo kubafazi abakhoyo kulutsha lombhali: izalamane, abahlobo kunye nezicaka.
«Indlela endiyibona ngayo, ubuhle bemibongo buxhomekeke kwinto engenakwenzeka ukuyichaza ngamazwi, kodwa oko kucaca kakhulu xa sicinga ngayo. Kubonakala kungenangqiqo, ngokuqinisekileyo, kodwa kucatshangelwe kakuhle akuyonto engenantsingiselo.
7. Kwaye Ke Kwakungekho (1939)
Yaziwa ngcono njenge Yiba neeNiggers ezincinci -Abamnyama abalishumi, ukuze iguqulelwe kwiSpanish—, le noveli yocupho idumileyo ka-Agatha Christie ithengise malunga ne-100 lezigidi zeekopi. Umsebenzi ube nohlengahlengiso oluninzi kwifilim, kwithiyetha nakumabonakude. Nangona kunjalo, ngaphandle kwezimbini kuzo, uninzi lwazo luguqula iziganeko zokugqibela ezibaliswa ngumbhali, ziguqula intsingiselo yeploti.
Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ndibonayo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kubo bonke amaxhoba, waphazamiseka uMhlekazi uLegge, “kuba ngabaphuli mthetho abaphulukene nobulungisa.
Ukukhankanywa okhethekileyo
- Iintetho zeAlice kwiWonderland (1865);
- Ingonyama, igqwirha kunye newodrophu (1950);
- Ikhowudi yeDa Vinci (2003);
- Umbambisi kwirye (1951);
- U-Anne weGreen Gables (1908);
- Igama le rose (1980).